From The Program Chair

by Victor Davis, Program Chair

Pay Attention!
The May, 2026 monthly meeting of the Amateur Astronomers Association of Princeton will take place in Sherrerd Hall on the campus of Princeton University on Tuesday, May 12th at 7:30 PM. As usual, the meeting is open to AAAP members and the public. Please note that Sherrerd Hall is a new venue, arranged for us by AAAP Assistant Director and Emeritus Princeton Professor Bob Vanderbei, who has an office in the building. Administrators in the Department of Astrophysics have co-opted our usual digs in Peyton Hall for exams, for reasons passing understanding. It remains to be seen whether this is a one-off proposition or we’ll be moving our corporeal-meeting act permanently elsewhere. The evening’s guest speaker will be John Horgan, a freelance science journalist and former staff writer for Scientific American. He has posted his self-published books Mind-Body Problems (2018) and My Quantum Experiment (2023) online, and comments on science in his free online journal, Cross-Check. Horgan teaches science writing at Stevens Institute of Technology.

Options for Attending the Meeting
You may choose to attend the meeting in person or participate via Zoom or YouTube. If you choose to participate virtually, you may log in as early as 7:00 pm to chat informally with your astrobuddies before the meeting begins promptly at 7:30.  It’s polite, though not required, for you to enable your camera so other participants can see you. Please keep your microphone muted unless you are participating in a two-way discussion. The meeting will be recorded and edited for posting to our club’s YouTube channel.

“Meet the Speaker” Dinner
The club will host a “meet the speaker” dinner at Winberie’s Bar and Restaurant, 1 Palmer Square, across the street from the Princeton University campus before the meeting. Our reservation is for 5:45 pm. Director Rex Parker will host the dinner. Please RSVP to Rex if you plan to attend.

Here’s the anticipated agenda for May 12th 2026’s monthly meeting of the AAAP:

(Times are approximate)

horganism3@gmail.com

Was “The End of Science” Too Optimistic?

Was “The End of Science” Too Optimistic?
In his controversial 1996 book “The End of Science,” John Horgan, then a senior writer at Scientific American, proposed that “pure science,” the great quest to comprehend the cosmos, might be bumping up against fundamental limits. Thirty years later, Horgan’s thesis continues to provoke debate. In this talk, Horgan will acknowledge that he has had second thoughts about his thesis. His book, he has recently decided, was too optimistic.

John Horgan
John Horgan is a science journalist and Director of the Center for Science Writings at Stevens Institute of Technology. A long-time contributor to Scientific American , he has also written for The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, London Times and other publications. The author of seven books, he frequently posts commentary on science-related topics at johnhorgan.org. The late Nobelist Philip Anderson coined the term “Horganism” to refer to Horgan’s curmudgeonly view of the destiny of science. Horgan accepts this chiding as a badge of honor.

How to Participate (Links)
Zoom & YouTube Live
Amateur Astronomers Association of Princeton is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.
Join Zoom Meeting
Topic: May AAAP Meeting, John Horgan, End of Science
Time: May 12, 2026 07:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada) Join Zoom Meeting
Meeting ID: 846 0203 3355
Passcode: 246796
Join instructions

https://us06web.zoom.us/j/84602033355?pwd=cL1sRehk4jbc0bB37iN8G4sG6Clbqi.1   ....https://youtube.com/live/T8mNeHeMyJE?feature=share
Click the above icons for Zoom and YouTube

AAAP’s library of monthly meetings is available on the club’s YouTube channel. April’s edited meeting featuring a presentation by Dr. Brian Lacki; “A Billion Whispers: Breakthrough Listen, the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) and Cosmic Ecology” is now available on the club’s YouTube channel.

A look ahead at future guest speakers:

Date Featured SpeakerTopic
Jun 9, 2026
Jacob Hamer
Assistant Curator
NJ State Museum Planetarium
Jacob.Hamer@sos.nj.gov
As usual, the June meeting will take place in the planetarium at the NJ State Museum in Trenton. There will be no streaming of this live-only sky show and PowerPoint presentation. Topic to be announced.
Sep. 8, 2026Michael DiMario
Chair of AAAP’s Astro-imaging SIG
K2mjd@outlook.com
Dr. DiMario will present a primer on astro-imaging.
Oct. 13, 2026Becka Phillipson
Assistant Professor in Physics
Villanova University
Prof. Phillipson, originally scheduled to be October 2025’s guest speaker, is an unconfirmed prospect to try again in 2026.

As always, members’ comments and suggestions are gratefully accepted and much appreciated. Thanks to Ira Polans and Dave Skitt for setting up the online links and connecting the meeting to the world outside Peyton Hall.

victor.davis@verizon.net
program@princetonastronomers.org
(908) 581-1780 cell

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Minutes of the April 14, 2026 Meeting

by Gene Allen, Secretary

Director Rex Parker opened the meeting in PeytonHall at 1930 with 28 in the auditorium and 24-some online. He informed us that Peyton will be unavailable in May due to exams. We will relocate to the auditorium of Sherrerd Hall about two blocks to the west. A map and directions will be distributed before the meeting and the change will be posted on the website. Parking in Lot 10 is closer to Sherrerd than the Stadium Garage is to Peyton. He continued sharing thoughts about and images from the Artemis II mission around the Moon. He was inspired to take an image of the Moon and caught an airliner going by. He showed how numerous galaxies are in the spring sky with an image from The Sky X and shared excellent images of comet C/2025 R3 captured by Member Tom Swords on his Seestar S50 and by Assistant Director Bob Vanderbei on his Seestar S30.

Outreach Chair Bill Murray reported on two upcoming outreach events:

April 22 – stargazing at the Newgrange School in Pennington.
May 16 – stargazing at the Mercer Meadows Pole Farm has been rescheduled.

Program Chair Victor Davis introduced our speaker for tonight, Brian Lacki, PhD, Astrophysicist and Theorist at Breaktrhough Listen. His talk was titled A Billion Whispers: Breakthrpough Listen, the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) and Cosmic Energy.

At 2110 Rex continued the meeting without a break. Twenty remained in the auditorium as he called our attention to the following hot topics:

Our annual; election of officers will take place in May. Nominations Chair Michael Mitrano has determined that all current officers are willing to serve another year. He reported that there was no response to his email to the membership for nominations. No one even asked any questions about the leadership roles.

Rex shared a proposal approved by the Board to replace the large, donated, semi-vintage C14 scope in the observatory with a new Edge HD model. We would need additional hardware to support the new scope, so the total cost is likely to reach $13,000 and requires membership approval. Tom Swords has offered to detail the shopping list.

The Artemis II mission has renewed interest in the lunar south pole region and the prospect of finding water ice in permanently shadowed craters. Rex shared his images of the region and showed the difficulty in capturing anything close.

Additional support for the student subgroup will be to provide a specific place for them to gather on groups.io, where the astroimagers share techniques and images. Bill Murray can provide them the observing challenges he created for the sky parties we formerly held in north Jersey.

Member Tom Angle made an enthusiastic presentation about his first visit to the NEAIC/NEAF weekend.

Student Members Sunny Cui and Abhinav Sukla requested assistance in creating an astronomy manual for the members of their astronomy club in Princeton High School.

The meeting was adjourned at 2150.

As of April 13, we have 202 active members. So far in CY2026, renewals number 34 and expirations number 22, giving us a 61% retention rate. We have added 15 new members.

Submitted by Secretary Gene Allen
April 18, 2026

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Minutes of the March 31, 2026 AAAP Board Meeting

by Gene Allen, Secretary

Minutes taken from the Zoom recording of the meeting.
The meeting convened at 1900 on March 31, 2026

In attendance:

Director Rex ParkerAssistant Director Bob Vanderbei
Secretary Gene AllenObservatory Co-Chairs Jenn & Dave Skitt
Outreach Chair Bill MurrayAstroimaging Chair Michael DiMario
Webmaster Jeff PinyanMember Tom Swords

Rex opened the meeting with a discussion of the status of the new website, specifically referring to the online membership roster database. Gene commented that it already has far more functionality than he expected so early after launch so has no complaints. For now, he is continuing his procedures as if the online roster does not exist. Jeff reported that the online roster is already downloadable with multiple filters but only for the Board. He is working toward making the online roster fully editable. Some new members did not get captured the first week or so after launch but they have been entered. Gene will not be fully validating the online roster until he has editing capability. Gene proposed creating a student membership, noting at least 19 student members currently. Rex responded that he felt there was Board support for both student membership and returning to a single membership renewal period for everyone, but that we need to table that discussion for now. Jeff signed off.

Michael Mitrano has accepted appointment as Nominations Chair. All Board members present reported their willingness to stand for another year, with Rex, Bob and Gene commenting that they would be happy to step aside if someone else sought the position.

Rex reported that Peyton Hall will not be available for our May election meeting due to its use for exams, and its longer future is uncertain. Rex has emailed Janine Purcaro, Chief Operating Officer and Associate Director for Finance and Administration at IAS, about hosting us in one of their auditoriums. He copied Bob and Lee Sandberg but has not yet heard back. Lee, AAAP member and Communications and Public Relations Manager at IAS, replied that we should approach Joshua Horowitz, (campus-life@ias.edu) AMIAS & Member Relations Officer. Bob agreed that he would be the best one to present our request to IAS, then went on to say one part of the new engineering buildings that replaced Ivy Lane is Commons Hall. It might be another possible venue and has closer parking. There was general agreement that the long hike from the Stadium Garage is a major impediment to attending in person, which we also agreed is our desire. Consistent access to Peyton cannot be assured, and the distant parking issue remains, so another location needs to be sought.

Rex noted that AAAP meetings are currently listed on the IAS calendar and suggested that they might be more willing to host us if we were to do more in support of the IAS member and families. There was unanimous willingness to make that effort.

Bob reported that the astrophysics department would eventually be moving to the computer science building which is near his building, Sherrerd Hall. Parking lots 10 and 13 nearby are available evenings. Not much farther is the North Garage. Bob then realized that he knows who to contact to use the lecture hall in his building for our May meeting. It holds 100-120 and has better A/V equipment than Peyton. Bob will try to schedule our May meeting in first choice Sherrerd, second choice computer science.

Our lease for the site of our observatory in Washington Crossing State Park is expiring February 28, 2027. Michael Mitrano had been the point person on efforts to get some sort of response from the state about renewal but wants to be replaced since he stepped down as treasurer. Rex said he thinks Gene would be “outstanding” to take this on. Gene replied that he would not be eager to assume the role, but he agreed to take point and Dave said he would help. Rex could also approach a legislator to support our appeal.

Students continue to be active and we need to give them projects and ask for their support. Bill had developed observing lists that could be reissued. There was general consensus that we should not make student membership free. Jenn said she could use help with the literature table on Public Nights and Rex agreed that would be good. Michael DiMario asked about creating a student group under the Groups.io used by the astroimagers. Rex will propose both opportunities to them.

Len Caccitori contacted Dave to be replace as lead for Discord, but Groups.io replaced it. There was agreement that Discord should be completely shut down. There is no accounting or controlling who remains connected and it has no archive of past discussions.

If the weather turns good this week Tom will turn on the water. Dave said the teams are ready for the start of the Public Night season. A collimation done on the C14 has inserted a pointing displacement that is consistent throughout the sky dome. It needs a finer collimation and a new T-point model. Bill asked why bother with a T-point since The Sky X can do plate solving. Rex responded that TSX plate solving uses the Camera add-on software component which we do not use. We use ZWO camera control. Rex offered to work with Dave and Tom to do the collimation and new T-point this spring.

The C14 is dated and does not well support current camera technology. Rex proposed that we replace it with a Celestron Edge HD 14 that has a flat field for a full frame sensor. Mike suggested considering a Planewave but there was consensus that we need to retain capability to do visual. Bill looked up and reported the C14 Edge costs $7700 and Tom said the reducer is $85 and out of stock everywhere. We would need to get the expenditure approved by the membership but we think it would be a relatively easy sell. Dave made a motion that we generate an equipment list for a new telescope, reducer, camera to present to the membership before summer break. There was a second and unanimous approval. Tom accepted appointment to put it together.

Dave got a request from the park for a large camping group June 24-25 who want a an interpretive session either that Wednesday or Thursday, then Saturday July 4 the Nature Center requests solar viewing 10-3. A pollinator festival at Knocks Grove September 12 can host a table and solar viewing. Dave will affirm our support for these events.

Dave mentioned a request for a swap and sell page among members on the new website. It should be doable of the Board approves it.

The meeting adjourned at 2026.
Submitted by Secretary Gene Allen
April 29, 2026

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From the AAAP Store

by Rich Sherman, Merchandise Chair

Summer-weight apparel and new colors are now available at the AAAP store.
Visit https://aaap1962.logosoftwear.com/ and get some new gear for spring and summer. As always, the password is:  SiderealTimes

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From Doorstep to Deep Space: Finding the Heart

by Robert Vanderbei

Here’s a picture I took of the Heart Nebula (aka IC 1805) on April 27.

The Heart Nebula is an emission nebula.  It resides in the constellation Cassiopeia. It is estimated to be about 7,500 light-years away from us here on Earth.

As you can see in the picture, there is a cluster of bright stars roughly at the center of the nebula.  It is called the Melotte 15 cluster. In absolute terms, these stars are very bright–some of them are about 100,000 times brighter than our Sun. But, these stars don’t appear very bright to us as we see them because they (and the nebula) are far away from us. In fact, at the visual level the brightest star in the Melotte 15 cluster is only about magnitude 8.5. The bright stars in the Melotte 15 cluster provide the energy which excites the atoms in the nearby interstellar medium. Most of those atoms are hydrogen at those energized hydrogen atoms produce the nebula’s red glow.

To take this picture, I used my Seestar S30 smart telescope sitting on the walkway just outside the front door of my house. The picture is a stack of 528 10-second exposures that were automatically aligned and stacked by the code built into the Seestar. That’s a total exposure time of 88 minutes.

The images were captured starting a little before 9pm and stopping a little before midnight. The Heart Nebula is circumpolar when viewed from here in NJ. When I took these pictures, it was low in the WNW part of the sky—only about 20 degrees above the horizon.

The Heart Nebula is a large nebula — about 2 degrees in diameter.  The Seestar S30’s camera provides a fairly large field of view but not large enough to capture the entire Heart.

Here’s the nice thing… the Seestar software has a “mosaic” option where it can build a wider field of view image. I used the mosaic feature to take this picture.   The field of view was upscaled by a factor of 1.5 from the non-mosaic size.

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Artemis II: A Lunar Flyby with Modern Comforts

by S. Prasad Ganti

More than five decades after the last Apollo flight and three years after the unmanned Artemis I flight to the moon, Artemis II went to the moon along with four astronauts and came back successfully with a splash in the ocean. The spacecraft was not meant to land on the moon. Literally a “round trip” by slinging around the moon and heading towards the earth.   

The Artemis series is not a repeat of the Apollo missions. Although both are three stage rockets, Artemis differs vastly from its twin sister Apollo. It is comparatively newer technology. The rocket itself has 4 RS25 engines, compared to five F1 engines on Saturn 5 powered Apollo. The RS25 engines are from the space shuttle era. Two solid rocket boosters are added to the initial thrust. The electronics and computers are far more advanced.   

The life support systems are a key component differentiating a manned flight from an unmanned one. The living room in the Orion module for the astronauts is more spacious even with four astronauts instead of three for the Apollo. It even has a toilet ! One of the Astronauts, Christina Koch,  became the first plumber in space to fix the toilet which malfunctioned initially.   

The propulsion and life-support systems in the Orion spacecraft were built by European aerospace company Airbus on behalf of ESA. The picture shown below courtesy ESA shows the components. On the left in the picture is the service module containing the propulsion and life support systems. It has four solar panels.  On the right is the Orion spacecraft built by Lockheed Martin. 

While Artemis I was a proof of concept unmanned flight before Artemis II could be launched with astronauts. Artemis I had an issue with reentry into the earth’s atmosphere while coming back. NASA tried a skipped reentry which involved a shallow reentry followed by a bounce and then another reentry. Something like an aircraft making a bounced landing on the runway. Landing and then briefly rising into the air and then landing back a second time. This was done to minimize the heat generated. Although the strategy worked, the heat shield could not work well in tandem and some hot gases disrupted the shield from the other side. 

Artemis II kept the same heat shield but ditched the skipped reentry. Instead a direct steeper reentry was used, which worked well in the past with the Apollo and the Space shuttle missions. The reentry and the consequent splashdown were uneventful as a result.      

Going into the future, Artemis III will demonstrate the docking between Orion spacecraft and the new lunar landers in low earth orbit. The two private lunar landers are being built by SpaceX and Blue Origin. 

Artemis IV will land with astronauts on the moon. With the Apollo missions, the space race was with the erstwhile Soviet Union. Now it is with China who is trying to land astronauts on the moon as well. We may end up winning this second space race as well. But, the cost of the program will be an issue again as it was with Apollo. 

This time around, the plan is to replace the rocket SLS (Space Launch System) with Space X’s Starship which is still under test. Starship will have a reusable first stage. The first stage will detach itself and come back to earth after pushing hard on the rest of the two rocket stages. This reuse will reduce the cost of the launches significantly. Besides, the newer Raptor engines on the Starship are a good replacement for the Space shuttle era RS25 engines. Along with the first stage, the engines will be reusable as well.   

For the future, the lunar program is on a solid footing compared to the Apollo era. 

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